Philippine Amusement & Gaming Corporation (PAGCOR): The Gambling Regulator of the Philippines
PAGCOR, the Philippine Amusement & Gaming Corporation, is the central gambling regulatory authority in the Philippines. As a government-controlled entity under the direct supervision of the President, it was established in 1977 with the dual purpose of curbing illegal casino activities and organizing the gambling sector.
Interestingly, PAGCOR is not only a regulator but also an operator of its own casinos and VIP slot clubs in major cities. With over 11,000 employees, it plays a significant role as a major employer in the gambling sector.
Key Responsibilities and Functions of PAGCOR
- Regulation and Licensing: PAGCOR is responsible for the licensing and monitoring of private casinos, bingo halls, and E-Games cafés.
- Operation of Casinos: It operates its own casinos across the Philippines, significantly contributing to the local economy and tourism.
- Revenue Generation: PAGCOR is the third-largest source of government revenue in the Philippines, with its profits channeled into social projects and national development.
Historical Overview and Development of PAGCOR
PAGCOR’s inception in 1977 during martial law in the Philippines marks a significant point in the country’s complex political history. Starting as a small entity, it has grown into a crucial economic player.
Key Historical Milestones:
- 1977: Establishment of PAGCOR.
- 1983: Official decree making PAGCOR the sole governmental gambling entity.
- 1986: Restructuring under President Corazon Aquino.
- 2007: Extension of its concession for another 25 years to attract more investors and expand its operations.
PAGCOR’s Current Role in the Gambling Industry
Today, PAGCOR operates numerous own-brand casinos and regulates private gambling establishments. It employs over 11,000 staff and oversees more than 180 bingo halls and E-Games cafés.
In 2016, PAGCOR launched the POGO program for online gambling, which was discontinued in 2024. Despite this, the Philippines boasts more casinos than Macau, with twenty located in Metro Manila alone, highlighting PAGCOR’s pivotal role in the national gambling landscape.
Regulatory and Licensing Activities
PAGCOR ensures the legality and fairness of gambling operations through stringent regulations and licenses, maintaining a secure and fair gambling environment.
Economic Contributions and Social Projects
The revenue generated by PAGCOR is allocated as follows:
| Allocation | Percentage |
|---|---|
| National Treasury | 50% |
| Franchise Tax | 5% |
| Sports Commission | 5% |
| Board of Claims | 1% |
These funds support various social initiatives, including drug rehabilitation centers and renewable energy projects. By 2028, PAGCOR aims to achieve revenues of $12.5 billion from the gambling sector.
Conclusion
PAGCOR plays a transformative role in the Philippine gambling industry. Despite challenges like the POGO ban, it remains optimistic about its future, aspiring to become the leading gambling authority in the ASEAN region by 2028. Its operations include regulation of live casinos and collaborations with industry giants like Playtech and Evolution Gaming.
The Philippine gambling industry is aligning with global trends, incorporating cryptocurrencies as a payment method and popularizing games like Crazy Time and Lightning Roulette.
PAGCOR faces the task of fostering innovation while ensuring responsible gambling, thus strengthening its role in nation-building.
FAQ
What is PAGCOR? PAGCOR is a government-owned corporation established in 1977 by Ferdinand Marcos to curb illegal casino operations and is a key player in regulating and licensing gambling in the Philippines.
What role does PAGCOR play in the Philippine gambling industry? PAGCOR regulates and licenses gambling, generates revenue for social programs, and promotes tourism through its operation of casinos and gaming facilities.
How was PAGCOR founded and how has it evolved? PAGCOR started with a floating casino in 1977 and moved to land-based operations after a fire in 1979. It became the sole state gambling entity in 1983 and was restructured in 1986.
What tasks does PAGCOR undertake in relation to gambling? PAGCOR regulates and licenses Philippine gambling operations, including casinos, bingo halls, and E-Games cafés.
How does PAGCOR contribute to state revenues and social projects? As the third-largest contributor to the Philippine treasury, PAGCOR’s revenues support various state funds and institutions, and it actively backs social projects including drug rehabilitation and renewable energy initiatives.
